Disorders of the Larynx and Pharynx

This section looks at the common disorders of the Larynx and Pharynx. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a well recognised condition that results from abnormal reflux of the stomach contents into the oesophagus, primarily due to impaired functioning of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS). However, in certain circumstances, the stomach contents can reflux all the way up to the laryngopharyngeal area. This type of reflux is often referred to as extraoesophageal reflux or laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).
Unlike GORD, many patients do not report heartburn as the principal symptom and very few have documented oesophagitis. This may be due to the fact that the stomach contents do not remain in the oesophagus long enough on their way to the laryngopharyngeal area to cause pain and inflammation. Instead, many patients report globus (a sensation of having a lump in the throat), hoarseness, chronic cough, excessive throat clearing, difficulties in swallowing and voice changes.

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